NURS FPX 4030 Assessment 3 Picot Questions and an Evidence Based Approach

Date

PICO (T) Questions and Evidence-Based Approach

PICO (T) is a renowned tool for Evidence-Based Practice (EBP). It signifies population, intervention, comparison, outcome, and time. Analyzing a research question into these components styles identification and evaluation of appropriate EBP (Kloda et al., 2020). A stroke is defined as an acute, focal neurological disorder that is triggered by a vascular injury that can cause either central nervous system bleeding or infarction. It is not a single medical condition. It can be caused by various risk factors, conditions, and disease processes (Murphy & Werring, 2020). This assessment will concentrate on a PICO(T) question related to the issue of stroke.

Exploration of Practice Issue

The epidemiological landscape of stroke in the US has changed. With more than 140,000 fatalities a year, it is still the fifth top cause of death. Stroke has a significant financial effect on the healthcare system, with annual costs in the US achieving $34 billion (Khan et al., 2021). It is the leading cause of permanent physical impairment in adults. The most essential variable risk indicator for stroke is hypertension, and its effect depends on the subtypes of stroke (Murphy & Werring, 2020).

PICO(T) Question

Ischaemic stroke individuals (P) use antihypertensive medications(I), compared to patients not taking antihypertensive medicines(C), reduce the rate of recurrent stroke (O), over 12 month period (T)?  

Population (P)

Ischaemic stroke individuals

Intervention (I)

Antihypertensive medications

Comparison (C)

Patient not using antihypertensive medicines

Outcome (O)

Reduce incidence of recurrent stroke

Time (T)

12-month 

Benefits of the PICO(T) Approach

The PICO(T) approach is widely popular in the scientific nursing and healthcare sciences. Substantial evidence supports its effectiveness in establishing guidelines and boosting search efficiency (Schiavenato & Chu, 2021). Standard guidelines based on hypertension management are essential in the prevention of stroke. It aids in distinguishing and evaluating evidence-based research for stroke patients. The PICO(T) approach improves the overall caliber of research by boosting the credibility and strength of the evidence collected (Kloda et al. (2020). In the research findings of Jørgensen et al., (2022), many people with stroke had visited and diagnosed with hypertension. People using antihypertensive medicines at the time of the stroke showed a reduction in the risk of stroke.

Sources of Evidence

It is essential to consider sources’ quality, validity, and applicability when assessing the PICO(T) question. PICO(T) must be solved effectively by consulting various sources, such as databases and peer-reviewed publications. Reputable hospitals may contribute to comprehensive scrutiny of the research question (Kattie, 2021). A substantial rise in blood pressure is the most public clinical symbol of Acute Ischaemic Stroke (AIS).To offer helpful evidence, RCTs compare antihypertensive medications with no-lowering BP medicines in stroke patients. These findings can evaluate the effect of treatment on stroke individuals over a stated period (Whelton et al., 2018). People with previous ischaemic strokes are advised to take antihypertensive medicines to reduce recurrent stroke (Dawson et al., 2022). These studies can include data from multiple sources to assess the broad outcome on the brain (García-Rudolph et al., 2019).

Evidence-based proposals for treating stroke can be found by studying reputable clinical practice guidelines. The American Heart Association’s (AHA) suggestions for decreasing stroke risks frequently integrate the most recent research. These guidelines provide a current set of suggestions in one document for clinicians caring for adult patients who have experienced an acute arterial ischemic stroke. Hospital administrators, doctors, allied health professionals, and prehospital care providers are among the target audience members (Powers set al., 2019).

Rationale

The risk of ischemic stroke is significantly affected by blood pressure (BP), and it has been shown that decreasing blood pressure to less than 150/90 mmHg lowers the rate of stroke. It is the top factor to know that controlling blood pressure in hypertensive emergencies is directly linked to brain damage, such as acute ischemic stroke (Wajngarten & Silva, 2019). Significant cardiovascular health difficulties tha